2023-03-23 16:59:10 +00:00
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---
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title: Hence
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version: 1.0.0
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2023-04-05 12:41:53 +00:00
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theme: uncover
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class:
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- invert
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2023-03-23 16:59:10 +00:00
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marp: true
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size: 4K
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---
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# Hence
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Ein Ausflug in die Welt einer virtuellen CPU
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_Dominic Grimm_
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<style scoped>
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h1 {
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padding-top: 1.5em;
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}
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</style>
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---
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# Inhalt
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- Was ist eine CPU?
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- Überblick Assembler
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- Hence
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- (Hence-)Forth
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=> _Workshop_
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---
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# Was ist eine CPU?
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- Herzstück eines Computers
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- Kleiner Chip auf Hauptplatine
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- Verarbeitung Arithmetik und Logik
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- Zugriff auf Speicher und Peripherie
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---
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## Aufbau
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- _Steuerwerk, Rechenwerk, Cache, Register_
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- Cache: schneller Speicher für oft benötigte Daten
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- CPU kommuniziert über Bus-Systeme
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- Leistung abhängig von Kernzahl, Taktfrequenz, Cache und Architektur
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---
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## Machine code
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- Niedrigste Ebene der Programmierung.
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- Binäre Instruktionen, direkt von der CPU ausgeführt
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- Jede CPU-Architektur hat ihre eigene Maschinensprache, die spezifisch für diese Architektur ist
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- Sehr effizient, da direkt von CPU ausgeführt
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- Meist in höherer Programmiersprache geschrieben
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2023-04-05 12:41:53 +00:00
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=> _Assembler_
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2023-03-23 16:59:10 +00:00
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---
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### Beispiel
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2023-04-05 12:41:53 +00:00
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_hexadezimal kodiert (`hexdump`)_
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2023-03-23 16:59:10 +00:00
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```
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00000000 03 7f fc 86 03 a0 00 06 00 06 03 c0 02 8b 06 00 |................|
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00000010 05 03 c0 01 8c 04 00 06 8c 03 00 01 06 00 05 03 |................|
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*
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```
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| Code | Opcode | Argument |
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| ---------- | -------------- | ---------------- |
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| `03 7f fc` | `0x03` (`ts`) | `0x7ffc` (32764) |
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| `86` | `0x06` (`tlr`) | |
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| `03 a0 00` | `0x03` (`ts`) | `0xa000` (40960) |
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---
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# Überblick Assembler
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---
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# Hence
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- Virtuelle "CPU" (eher SBC)
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2023-04-05 12:41:53 +00:00
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- Single core
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- 16-bit Architektur
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=> **_maximal 64kb Speicher_**
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---
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## Assembly
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```assembly
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.include "$lib/core.asm"
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.include "$lib/std.asm"
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.include "$lib/main.asm"
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data:
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; ...
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.jump_main
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main: .main main
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ts 40 ; tmp = 40
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tlr CORE_REG_A ; reg_a = 40
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ts 2 ; tmp = 2
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tlr CORE_REG_B ; reg_a = 40
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; reg_b = 2
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ts CORE_ALU_ADD ; tmp = 6
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; reg_a = 40
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; reg_b = 2
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alu ; tmp = 42
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tls ; stack = [42]
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dbg ; => DEBUG: [42]
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pop ; stack = []
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.std_stop
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```
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